Thermometers take the guesswork out of knowing when your oven is preheated, when foods are properly cooked, and when your ingredients are stored at the proper temperature. They are vital for ensuring success in the kitchen.
An instant-read thermometer coupled with knowledge of how temperatures relate to doneness will ensure success in the kitchen. They are vital when cooking steaks or beef roasts to a specific doneness (rare, medium rare, etc.) or for ensuring a perfectly cooked chicken or pork roast that is neither under- nor overcooked.
Candy thermometers are designed for stovetop recipes where close monitoring of temperature is key. Unless you have a high-end instant-read thermometer with a range that reaches up to 400 degrees, you won’t be able to monitor the temperature of very hot oil or other liquids, such as caramel sauce, without a candy/deep-fry thermometer.
Since it is fairly common for ovens to run either hot or cold, the most reliable method for knowing the exact temperature of your oven is to use an oven thermometer. Since oven thermometers are so cheap and easy to use, there is no reason not to rely on one to keep tabs on your oven and adjust your heat accordingly, if necessary.
A refrigerator thermometer will tell you if your refrigerator and freezer are working properly. Check the temperature of your refrigerator regularly to ensure that it is between 35 and 40 degrees; your freezer should be below zero degrees.